One Person Company
Registration in India

A One Person Company (OPC) is a business structure introduced under the Companies Act, 2013 that allows a single individual to operate a corporate entity with limited liability. It is treated as a Private Limited Company and is the perfect replacement for the sole proprietorship model — giving you limited liability protection, a separate legal identity, and eligibility for Startup India recognition and bank credit facilities.

Any person who is an Indian citizen and a resident of India (stayed in India for at least 182 days in the preceding financial year) is eligible to incorporate a One Person Company. The sole member must be a natural person — a company or body corporate cannot be a member of an OPC. You must also appoint one nominee who is an Indian resident aged 18 years or above.

An OPC requires a minimum of 1 director (who is also the sole shareholder) and 1 nominee. The nominee steps in as the member in case of death or incapacity of the original member. An OPC can have more than one director, but the shareholder is limited to one person only. You also need a registered office address and a unique proposed company name.

The key differences are: OPC needs only 1 director and 1 shareholder (Pvt Ltd needs minimum 2 of each). OPC has fewer compliance requirements — no requirement for annual general meetings. OPC has a single owner with a nominee, while Pvt Ltd can have up to 200 shareholders. However, OPC must be converted to a Pvt Ltd if paid-up capital exceeds Rs 50 lakh or annual turnover exceeds Rs 2 crore.

An OPC must comply with: filing Commencement of Business (INC-20A) within 180 days of incorporation, appointing a Statutory Auditor (practising Chartered Accountant) for auditing books of accounts, filing ROC annual forms, and filing Director e-KYC annually. Apart from Companies Act compliances, GST and Income Tax filings are also required. Budget approximately Rs 40-50K annually for audit and ROC filings.

Yes, an OPC can be voluntarily converted to a Private Limited Company at any time. Mandatory conversion is required if the paid-up share capital exceeds Rs 50 lakh or annual turnover exceeds Rs 2 crore. The conversion process involves passing a resolution, filing forms with ROC, and updating the MOA and AOA. We assist with the entire conversion process seamlessly.